Ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kugereranya moteri zidafite moteri n'izikoresha ingufu ni uguhitamo igisubizo gikwiye cyane mu bijyanye n'ikoreshwa ryazo.
Moteri zitagira amashanyarazi zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoresha amashanyarazi kugira ngo zitware amapine yazo mu buryo butaziguye, zifite imikorere myiza, urusaku ruto, kandi zigakorerwa isuku yoroshye. Zikwiriye imihanda itambitse cyangwa imitwaro yoroheje, nko mu modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zo mu mujyi;
Moteri zifite amashanyarazi zongera imbaraga binyuze mu kugabanya ingufu, zifite imbaraga nini zo gutangira, kandi zikwiriye kuzamuka, gupakira imizigo cyangwa kugenda mu muhanda, nk'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zo mu misozi cyangwa amakamyo atwara imizigo.
Ibyo byombi bifite itandukaniro rinini mu mikorere myiza, imbaraga zidasanzwe, urusaku, ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga, nibindi, kandi guhitamo hakurikijwe ibyo bikenewe bishobora kwita ku mikorere n'uburyo budakoresha ingufu nyinshi.
Impamvu guhitamo moteri ari ingenzi
Biragaragara ko guhitamo moteri ikwiye atari ubushobozi gusa ahubwo ni no ku bibazo by’ubukungu n’ubwizerwe. Moteri runaka ishobora kongera imikorere myiza ya sisitemu, ikagabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu, kandi ikongera igihe cyo kuyikoresha, bigatuma ikwiranye neza n’ikoreshwa ryayo. Ku rundi ruhande, gukoresha moteri idakwiriye bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi, harimo inyungu zo gukora, ikiguzi cyo kuyisana gihanitse, ndetse no kwangirika kw’imashini itarakora neza.
Ni ikiMoteri zitagira ibikoresho
Moteri idafite vitesi itwara amapine mu buryo butaziguye binyuze mu gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi bitabaye ngombwa ko igabanya vitesi. Ifite imiterere yo gukora neza cyane, urusaku ruto, imiterere yoroshye kandi ihenze yo kuyibungabunga. Ikwiriye ibintu biremereye kandi byoroheje nko mu modoka zo mu mujyi zitwara abantu n'ibintu byoroheje, ariko ifite imbaraga nke zo gutangira no kuzamuka cyangwa gutwara imizigo.
Ibintu bifatika bishobora kubaho
Imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zo mu mujyi: zikwiriye imihanda itambitse cyangwa ahantu horoshye, nko kugenda mu ndege buri munsi no gukora ingendo ngufi, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma zirushaho kugira umusaruro mwiza no gutuza.
Imodoka zoroheje, nk'amagare akoresha amashanyarazi, scooter zikoresha amashanyarazi zihuta cyane, n'ibindi, zidasaba imbaraga nyinshi ahubwo zibanda ku kuzigama ingufu no kumererwa neza.
Geared Hub Motors ni iki?
Moteri ya "gear hub" ni sisitemu yo gutwara imodoka yongera uburyo bwo kugabanya vitesi kuri moteri ya "hub", kandi ikagera ku "kugabanya umuvuduko no kongera torque" binyuze muri vitesi kugira ngo ihuze n'ibikenewe mu mikorere itandukanye. Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyayo ni kunoza imikorere ya torque hifashishijwe uburyo bwo kohereza ubutumwa bwa "mechanical transmission" no kuringaniza imikorere y'umuvuduko mwinshi n'umuvuduko muto.
Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi hagati yaMoteri zitagira ibikoreshonaMoteri za Geared Hub
1. Ihame ry'imikorere n'imiterere y'ibikorwa
Moteri idafite icyuma gifunga: Iyobora uruziga mu buryo butaziguye binyuze mu gukurura ingufu za elegitoroniki, nta buryo bwo kugabanya ingufu, kandi imiterere yayo yoroshye.
Moteri ifite uburebure bwa gear: Itsinda rya gear (nk'iry'imibumbe) rishyirwa hagati ya moteri n'uruziga, kandi ingufu zoherezwa binyuze mu "kugabanya umuvuduko no kongera imbaraga", kandi imiterere yayo irushaho kuba igoye.
2.Torque n'imikorere
Moteri idafite icyuma gikurura: Umuvuduko muto wo gutangira, ukwiriye imihanda itambitse cyangwa imitwaro yoroheje, umuvuduko mwinshi wihuta (85% ~ 90%), ariko ingufu zidahagije mu kuzamuka cyangwa gupakira imizigo.
Moteri y'aho ikoreshwa: Ifashishijwe moteri zo kongera imbaraga, ubushobozi bwo gutangiza no kuzamuka bikomeye, imikorere myiza mu gihe cy'umuvuduko muto, ikwiriye imitwaro iremereye cyangwa imiterere y'umuhanda igoye (nk'imisozi, hanze y'umuhanda).
3.Ikiguzi cy'urusaku n'ikoreshwa ry'ubuziranenge
Moteri idafite icyuma gifunga: Nta gikoresho gifunganye, urusaku ruto rukora, kuyitunganya byoroshye (nta gusiga amavuta mu gikoresho bisaba), kuramba (imyaka 10+).
Moteri y'inyuma y'imodoka: Guhuzagurika kw'imodoka bitera urusaku, amavuta y'imodoka agomba gusimburwa buri gihe, igenzura ry'uko yangiritse rirakenewe, ikiguzi cyo kuyibungabunga kiri hejuru, kandi igihe cyo kuyikoresha ni imyaka 5-8.
Uburyo bukoreshwa mu gukoresha moteri zidafite amashanyarazi
Gutembera mu mijyi: Mu ngendo za buri munsi mu mihanda yo mu mijyi, nko mu magare y'amashanyarazi n'amapikipiki yoroheje y'amashanyarazi, moteri zitagira moteri zishobora gukoresha neza inyungu yazo ya 85% ~ 90% mu gutwara imodoka ku muvuduko mwinshi no ku muvuduko uhoraho bitewe n'ubushobozi bwazo bwo gukora neza no kuzigama ingufu. Muri icyo gihe, imikorere yazo y'urusaku ruke ihura n'ibisabwa mu gace k'imijyi, bigatuma ziba nziza cyane mu ngendo zo mu mijyi zigenda n'intera ngufi cyangwa guhaha buri munsi no mu zindi ngendo zoroheje.
Uburyo bwo gutwara ibintu bworoheje: Ku bikoresho by'amashanyarazi byihuta cyane kandi bifite umutwaro muto, nka za scooter zimwe na zimwe zo muri kaminuza n'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zo gusura ahantu nyaburanga, ibyiza byo koroshya imiterere no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga moteri zidafite ibikoresho ni byo bizwi cyane.
Imiterere ikoreshwa ya moteri z'amashanyarazi
Imiterere y'imisozi n'aho ibera: Mu bihe nk'amagare y'amashanyarazi yo mu misozi n'amapikipiki akoresha amashanyarazi yo mu muhanda, moteri zikoresha amashanyarazi zishobora gutanga imbaraga zo gutangira mu gihe zizamuka cyangwa zambuka imihanda ikomeye zinyuze mu miterere y'ibikoresho byo "kugabanuka no kwiyongera k'imbaraga", kandi zishobora guhangana n'ubutaka bugoye nko mu misozi miremire n'imihanda y'amabuye, mu gihe moteri zikoresha amashanyarazi zitagira ingufu zikunze gukora nabi muri ibyo bihe bitewe n'imbaraga zidahagije zo gutangira.
Gutwara imizigo: Amagare atatu atwara imizigo akoresha amashanyarazi, amakamyo atwara imizigo akoresha amashanyarazi n'ibindi binyabiziga bitwara imizigo bigomba kwishingikiriza ku muvuduko mwinshi wa moteri zitwara imizigo. Byaba ari ugutangirana imizigo myinshi cyangwa gutwara mu muhanda uhanamye, moteri zitwara imizigo zishobora kongera ingufu binyuze mu gutwara imizigo kugira ngo zikomeze gukora neza, ibyo bikaba bigoye kugeraho hakoreshejwe moteri zikoresha imizigo zidafite imizigo mu gihe cy'imizigo iremereye.
Ibyiza byaMoteri zitagira ibikoresho
Imikorere ikora neza cyane
Moteri idafite vitesi itwara amapine mu buryo butaziguye, bigatuma idakenera kohereza vitesi. Ingufu zikoreshwa mu guhindura ingufu zigera kuri 85% ~ 90%. Ifite inyungu zikomeye iyo itwaye ku muvuduko mwinshi kandi ku muvuduko uhoraho. Ishobora kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu no kongera igihe imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zimara. Urugero, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zo mu mujyi zishobora kugenda kure mu mihanda itambitse.
Gukora urusaku ruke
Kubera ko nta bikoresho bikoreshwa, urusaku rw'imikorere rukunze kuba ruri munsi ya desibeli 50, ibyo bikaba bikwiye ahantu hashobora kwangirika urusaku nko mu duce two guturamo, muri za kaminuza no mu bitaro. Ntabwo byujuje gusa ibyo abantu bakeneye mu ngendo, ahubwo binatera n'umwanda w'urusaku.
Imiterere yoroshye kandi ikiguzi gito cyo kuyisana
Inyubako irimo gusa ibice by'ingenzi nka stator, rotor na housings, nta bice bigoye nka gearboxes, kandi ifite amahirwe make yo kwangirika. Gusana buri munsi bigomba kwibanda gusa ku buryo bw'amashanyarazi ya moteri no kuyisukura. Ikiguzi cyo kuyisana kiri hasi ya 40% ~ 60% ugereranyije n'icya moteri za geared hub, kandi igihe cyo kuyikoresha gishobora kugera ku myaka irenga 10.
Ifite uburemere kandi igenzura neza
Nyuma yo gukuraho ibikoresho, biba byoroshye kurusha moteri ya geared hub ifite ingufu zimwe, bigatuma amagare y'amashanyarazi, amapikipiki, n'ibindi byoroha kubigenzura, kandi bishobora no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, kongera ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira, no kugira imbaraga zihuta iyo umuntu yihuta kandi azamuka.
Ingufu nyinshi zo kugarura ingufuEse?
Ubushobozi bwo guhindura ingufu za kinetiki mu ngufu z'amashanyarazi mu gihe cyo gufunga cyangwa kugabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi buri hejuru ya 15% ~ 20% ugereranyije n'iza moteri za geared hub. Mu gace gakunze guhagarara mu mujyi, bishobora kongera neza igihe cyo gutwara no kugabanya igihe cyo gusharija.
Ibyiza byaMoteri za Geared Hub
Umuvuduko wo gutangira ufite imbaraga nyinshi, imbaraga nyinshi zikoreshwa
Moteri zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoresha ibikoresho kugira ngo "zigabanye umuvuduko wo gukurura no kongera imbaraga", kandi imbaraga zitangira ziruta 30% ~ 50% ugereranyije n'izikoresha amashanyarazi zidafite ingufu, zishobora guhangana n'ibintu nko kuzamuka no gupakira imizigo. Urugero, iyo imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi yo mu misozi izamuka ahantu hahanamye ho kuri dogere 20 cyangwa ikamyo itwara imizigo igatangira ifite imbaraga nyinshi, ishobora gutanga imbaraga zihagije.
Ishobora guhangana n'imimerere y'umuhanda igoye cyane
Binyuze mu gukoresha ibikoresho byo kohereza ingufu kugira ngo byongere imbaraga, bishobora gukomeza gutanga ingufu mu butaka bugoye nko mu mihanda y'amabuye n'ubutaka bw'ibyondo, birinda ko imodoka zidahagarara bitewe n'imbaraga zidahagije, ibyo bikaba bikwiriye cyane ahantu nk'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zigenda mu muhanda cyangwa imodoka zikora imirimo y'ubwubatsi.
Umuvuduko mwinshi n'imikorere inoze
Ku muvuduko muto, imbaraga ziyongera bitewe no kugabanya umuvuduko w'imodoka, kandi ubushobozi bushobora kugera kuri 80%; ku muvuduko mwinshi, igipimo cy'imbaraga gihindurwa kugira ngo ingufu zikomeze gusohoka, hashingiwe ku byo ibice bitandukanye by'umuvuduko bikenewe, cyane cyane ku modoka zitwara imizigo zo mu mujyi zikunze gutangirira no guhagarara cyangwa imodoka zikeneye guhindura umuvuduko.
Ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo gutwara imizigoEse?
Imiterere y’ibikoresho byongera imbaraga z’imodoka bituma ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutwara imizigo burushaho kuba bwiza kurusha ubwa moteri idafite moteri. Ishobora gutwara ibiro birenga 200, igahaza ibyo gutwara imizigo minini nk’imodoka zitwara imizigo zikoresha amashanyarazi, amakamyo atwara imizigo iremereye, nibindi, bigatuma imodoka ikomeza kugenda neza mu gihe ifite imizigo.
Igisubizo cyihuse ku ngufuEse?
Iyo itangiye kandi igahagarara ku muvuduko muto cyangwa yihuta cyane, vitesi ishobora kohereza imbaraga za moteri ku mapine vuba, bigabanyiriza gutinda kw'ingufu no kunoza uburyo bwo kuyitwara. Ikwiriye iyo imodoka zigiye mu mijyi cyangwa iyo zitwaye imodoka, ibyo bikaba bisaba impinduka nyinshi mu muvuduko w'imodoka.
Ibikwiye kwitabwaho mu guhitamo moteri ikwiye: Moteri zitagira Gearless Hub cyangwa Moteri zikoresha Geared Hub
Igereranya ry'imikorere y'ibanze
Gutangira torque n'imikorere y'ingufu
Moteri idafite icyuma gikurura: Umuvuduko wo gutangira uba muto, muri rusange uri munsi ya 30% ~ 50% ugereranije n'uwa moteri zikoresha icyuma gikurura. Umusaruro w'ingufu uba muke mu kuzamuka cyangwa mu gupakira, nko kuba ingufu zidahagije iyo uzamuka ahantu hahanamye ho kuri dogere 20.
Moteri y’aho imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi: Binyuze mu "kugabanuka no kwiyongera kwa torque" y’ibikoresho, torque yo gutangira iba ikomeye, ishobora guhangana n’ibintu nko kuzamuka no gupakira imizigo, kandi igatanga ingufu zihagije ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zo mu misozi kugira ngo zizamuke ahantu hahanamye cyangwa amakamyo atwara imizigo kugira ngo atangire afite torque yuzuye.
Imikorere myiza
Moteri idafite icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi: Ingufu ziba nyinshi iyo ikora ku muvuduko wo hejuru n'umuvuduko umwe, zigera kuri 85% ~ 90%, ariko imikorere izagabanuka cyane iyo umuvuduko uri hasi.
Moteri ifite ihuriro ry’amashanyarazi: Ingufu zayo zishobora kugera ku kigero kirenga 80% ku muvuduko muto, kandi ingufu zishobora gukomeza gukoreshwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo guhindura igipimo cy’ibikoresho ku muvuduko wo hejuru, kandi ishobora gukora neza ku muvuduko mugari.
Imiterere y'umuhanda n'uburyo ahantu habera hashobora kwihuzwa n'imiterere yawo
Moteri idafite icyuma gitwara imizigo: Ikwiriye cyane imihanda itambitse cyangwa imitwaro yoroheje, nko kujya mu mijyi, amapikipiki yoroheje, nibindi, kandi ikora nabi mu mihanda igoye.
Moteri ifite uburebure bwa centre: Ifashijwe n'uburyo bwo kohereza ingufu kugira ngo yongere imbaraga, ishobora kugumana ingufu zihamye mu butaka bugoye nko mu mihanda y'amabuye n'ubutaka bw'ibyondo, kandi ikamenyera imiterere itandukanye y'akazi igoye nko mu misozi, mu muhanda utari mu muhanda, no mu gutwara imizigo.
Ibyifuzo byo guhuza ikoreshwa ry'ikoreshwa
Ahantu moteri zitagira amashanyarazi zikunze gukoreshwa cyane
Moteri zitagira amashanyarazi (hub moteri) zikundwa cyane mu ngendo zoroheje mu mihanda igororotse. Urugero, iyo utwaye imodoka ku muvuduko uhoraho mu mihanda igororotse mu gihe ugenda mu mujyi, umuvuduko wayo wo hejuru wa 85% ~ 90% ushobora kongera igihe bateri imara; urusaku ruto (<50 dB) rukwiriye cyane mu bice bishobora kwangirika cyane nko mu bigo by’amashuri makuru no mu duce dutuwemo; amapikipiki yoroheje, ibikoresho byo gutwara abantu mu ntera ngufi, nibindi, ntibisaba ko ibikoresho bikorerwa ahantu hanini bitangizwa kenshi bitewe n’imiterere yabyo yoroshye kandi amafaranga make yo kubitunganya akaba make.
Ahantu moteri z'amashanyarazi zikunze gukoreshwa cyane
Moteri zikoresha amashanyarazi zitoranywa bitewe n'imiterere y'umuhanda igoye cyangwa ibisabwa ku mutwaro uremereye. Kuzamuka imisozi mu misozi miremire irenga 20°, imihanda y'amabuye, n'ibindi, kwiyongera k'imbaraga z'imodoka bishobora gutuma ingufu ziyongera; iyo umutwaro w'imodoka z'amashanyarazi zitwara imizigo urenze ibiro 200, ushobora guhaza ibisabwa byo gutangira imizigo iremereye; mu bihe bikunze kubaho nko gukwirakwiza ibikoresho mu mijyi, umuvuduko muto urenga 80% kandi ingufu zihita ziyongera.
Muri make, itandukaniro ry'ingenzi riri hagati ya moteri zitagira gear na moteri zikoresha gear hub rituruka ku kuba zishingira ku gutwara imizigo. Zombi zifite ibyiza n'ibibi byazo mu bijyanye n'imikorere myiza, imbaraga, urusaku, kubungabunga no guhuza ahantu habera. Mu guhitamo, ugomba kwibanda ku buryo bwo gukoresha - hitamo moteri ikoresha gear hub ikoresha imizigo yoroheje n'ahantu hagororotse, kandi ukurikize ubushobozi bwo gukora neza no guceceka, hanyuma uhitemo moteri ikoresha gear hub ikoresha imizigo iremereye n'ahantu hagoye, kandi ingufu zikomeye zirakenewe, kugira ngo ugere ku buringanire bwiza hagati y'imikorere n'ubukungu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-23-2025